UV Disinfection Tackles MRSA-What About C difficile?

Healthcare environments are dirty. There’s no way of avoiding it – hospitals, urgent care facilities, and other medical centers are constantly battling microorganisms. Cleaning and disinfection are critical in these environments to help reduce the risk of transmission. Consider that roughly 1 in 1001 people carry methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) while 1 in 3 carry drug-susceptible S aureus in their nose. 

Organisms like MRSA, Candida auris, and Clostridioides difficile, are known to cause diseases in these settings and are often culprits in healthcare-associated infections. Effectively removing these organisms from the environment is critical for infection control efforts. While disinfecting wipes and sprays have been the go-to for decades, ultraviolet-A (UV-A) light exposure has been growing in popularity. While UV-A is a method for disinfecting surfaces and objects, it can’t sterilize products, but it can help reduce bio-burden in patient rooms, waiting areas, operating rooms, and other high-risk areas. Like many new technologies, UV-A disinfection is still finding its way into hospitals as staff become more comfortable with its infection control capabilities. 

A new study2 tested the efficacy of UV-A disinfection for decontamination against health care-associated pathogens on surfaces. The researchers used a ceiling light fixture for the UV-A source, testing its efficacy on killing microorganisms by assessing recovery on a version of the American Society for Testing Materials standard quantitative carrier disk test method. This disk includes a strain of MRSA, C diff, C auris, and 2 kinds of virus bacteriophages. The efficacy of the UV-A light was also evaluated for its capabilities of reducing contamination of 32 in-use portable pieces medical equipment. Doppler ultrasound machines, glucometers, wheelchairs, and workstations-on-wheels were some of the equipment tested by being placed 2 meters from the light source for 4 hours. 

Researchers found that these 4 hours yielded a significant reduction in pathogenic microorganisms from the medical equipment in use and mostly on the disks. There was a modest reduction in MRSA, C auris, and the bacteriophages, but not C diff spores. “C diff spores were not reduced or minimally reduced after 24 hours of exposure to UV-A at 3 W/m2 (0-0.2 log10 CFU reduction),” the authors wrote. 

Prior to the use of the UV-A disinfection of the medical equipment, 37% yielded pathogenic microorganisms, while only 10% did after the disinfection, which was statistically significant. 

The authors note that these findings suggest the potential for UV-A disinfec- 

tion to aid in the reduction of pathogenic microorganisms that contribute to healthcare-associated infections. There should be a concern though for the health and safety of those exposed, which amplifies the importance of manufacturer guidance and proper protocols. Moreover, this component might increase the required cleaning time for certain areas, which should be considered prior to use. 

While the UV-A disinfecting light did provide a modest reduction in micro-organisms, the resilience of C diff and the existing microbial burden should not be forgotten. UV-A light has shown promise in its capabilities to reduce microorganisms in healthcare environments; however, it cannot and should not be a substitute for the manual cleaning and disinfection that is required to remove biofilm and other hardier bioburden.